PMESII-PT
PMESII-PT
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PMESII-PT is a framework looking at operational / regional factors especially when conducting operations. Often there are at least three perspectives to consider. Friendly, Enemy, Host Nation (which could be friendly or adversarial)
JP 5-0 briefly covers PMESII-PT but focuses more on the context of using the system.
Before starting obtain friendly goals / mission and scope research around that. ## Focused COG centric PMESII-PT First complete a Center of Gravity (COG) enough to have critical vulnerabilities identified. These vulnerabilities should be prioritized and then weighed against the PMESII-PT Factors.
While researching these PMESII-PT Factors go back to update the COG analysis as needed and update the PMESII-PT as needed.
For each PMESII-PT Factor consider: 1. How does PMESII-PT Factor impact the Critical Vulnerability (CV) 2. How does Critical Vulnerability (CV) impact the PMESII-PT Factor 3. How would the PMESII-PT Factor be impacted if the Critical Vulnerability (CV) was changed or removed 4. How would the Critical Vulnerability (CV) be impacted if the PMESII-PT Factor was changed
Broad Country or Area Research
Country1 = You / Friendly CountryA = Host CountryX = Opponent / Adversary
After finishing PMESII-PT you can analyze a Center of Gravity (COG) on how it is impacted by the PMESII-PT Factors
PMESII-PT Analysis for CountryA and CountryX
Political
Identify political factors leveraged by CountryX to further their goals:
Identify political alliances or alignments CountryX has established with CountryA political parties or leaders.
alliances established by CountryX in CountryA
Assess any political pressure or influence tactics (e.g., lobbying, advocacy) CountryX uses within CountryA government structures.
"influence operations" by CountryX in CountryA
Identify political factors impeding CountryX from furthering their goals:
Analyze resistance from local political groups or national policies against foreign interference in CountryA.
opposition "foreign policy" CountryA resistance "CountryX influence"
Evaluate international sanctions or global political pressures that limit CountryX’s operations.
"economic sanctions" against CountryX impacts analysis
Identify political factors leveraged by Country1 to further our goals:
Identify Country1 diplomatic engagements or support programs aimed at strengthening governance and democratic institutions in CountryA.
Country1 "diplomatic efforts" in CountryA support programs
Review Country1 policy initiatives or aid packages designed to bolster political stability and align CountryA more closely with Country1 interests.
"aid effectiveness" Country1 initiatives in CountryA
Identify political factors impeding Country1 from furthering our goals:
Analyze anti-Country1 sentiments or groups within CountryA that could hinder Country1’s influence.
"public opinion" CountryA about Country1 "foreign relations"
Consider the impact of regional politics and alliances that may conflict with Country1 objectives.
"regional dynamics" influence on Country1's objectives in CountryA
Identify Key Political Leaders:
Friendly
CountryA "political figures" support "Country1 policies"
Adversary
CountryA "political opposition" against "Country1 initiatives"
Neutral (those specifically not joining or active)
"neutral stance" political figures in CountryA
Identify Key Political Communicators:
Friendly
"public figures" support Country1 in CountryA media
Adversary
CountryA media "critics of Country1" OR "opposition voices"
Topic
editorial OR commentary on Country1 relations in CountryA news
Military
Assess the military relationships and engagements CountryX has with CountryA:
Identify any military aid, training, or joint exercises CountryX conducts with CountryA forces.
intitle:military cooperation CountryX CountryA -"sports" -"cultural"
Evaluate the presence of military advisors or arms sales from CountryX to CountryA.
"defense advisors" CountryX CountryA OR "military sales" CountryX CountryA detailed report
Examine the military posture of Country1 in relation to CountryA:
Review Country1 military assistance programs and defense cooperation agreements.
"strategic defense" agreement Country1 CountryA analysis
Assess the strategic importance of CountryA in Country1 regional defense planning.
"regional defense strategy" Country1 AND CountryA analysis
Identify Key Military Leaders:
Friendly
"influential military" leaders CountryA support Country1
Adversary
"high-ranking" military opposition CountryA against Country1
Neutral (those specifically not joining or active)
"non-aligned" defense officials CountryA analysis
Identify Key Military Communicators:
Friendly
"pro-Country1" defense spokesperson CountryA
Adversary
"critical" military voice CountryA against Country1 policies
Topic
discussion "military engagement" CountryX OR Country1 perspective CountryA
Economic
Identify economic leverage or dependencies CountryA may have on CountryX:
Analyze trade agreements, investment patterns, and economic aids that CountryX uses as influence tools.
"economic influence" CountryX in CountryA "trade agreements" detailed analysis
Review economic sanctions or trade barriers imposed by or against CountryX.
impact of "economic sanctions" CountryX on CountryA market
Evaluate the Country1 economic engagement strategy in CountryA:
Consider Country1 investments, trade policies, and economic development programs.
"foreign investment" Country1 in CountryA economic outcomes
Analyze the impact of Country1-CountryA economic relations on broader regional economic stability.
"economic stability" regional impact Country1 and CountryA relationships
Identify Key Economic Leaders:
Friendly
"pro-Country1" economic leaders in CountryA
Adversary
"opposition" economic figures CountryA stance against Country1
Neutral (those specifically not joining or active)
"economic neutrality" leaders in CountryA independent views
Identify Key Economic Communicators:
Friendly
"supportive" economic commentary CountryA towards Country1
Adversary
"critical economic perspectives" in CountryA against CountryX policies
Topic
analysis "economic trends" CountryA under influence of CountryX OR Country1
Social
Assess social programs or initiatives sponsored by CountryX in CountryA:
Review cultural exchanges, educational programs, and social campaigns funded or promoted by CountryX.
"cultural diplomacy" CountryX influence through "social programs" in CountryA
Evaluate the Country1 involvement in social development in CountryA:
Identify Country1-supported health, education, and welfare initiatives that align with strategic objectives.
"social development" initiatives by Country1 in CountryA "impact analysis"
Identify Key Social Leaders:
Friendly
"pro-Country1" social leaders in CountryA
Adversary
"social opposition" leaders in CountryA against Country1
Neutral (those specifically not joining or active)
"non-partisan" social figures in CountryA
Identify Key Social Communicators:
Friendly
"pro-Country1" social influencers in CountryA
Adversary
"anti-Country1" social commentary in CountryA
Topic
debate "social policy" CountryA impacts from CountryX OR Country1
Informational
Analyze CountryX’s Influence Operations in CountryA:
Examine CountryX’s strategic narratives in misinformation campaigns targeting CountryA’s political stability and social harmony.
"CountryX misinformation campaigns" "political stability" CountryA analysis
Assess CountryX’s ownership or affiliations with CountryA media channels to gauge its capability to sway public opinion.
"media ownership" CountryX influence "public opinion" CountryA
Monitor key social media platforms for CountryX’s signature disinformation tactics and measure their influence on CountryA’s populace.
"social media influence" CountryX tactics CountryA "disinformation analysis"
Assess Country1’s Counter-Information Strategies:
Evaluate the efficacy of Country1’s key information campaigns designed to expose and counteract CountryX’s propaganda in CountryA.
"counter-propaganda campaigns" Country1 vs CountryX "effectiveness" CountryA
Investigate Country1’s support mechanisms that bolster independent media to ensure a resilient information environment in CountryA.
"support independent media" Country1 initiatives CountryA
Analyze the impact and reach of Country1’s digital literacy programs on enhancing CountryA citizens’ ability to evaluate online content critically.
"digital literacy programs" Country1 impact CountryA "public competence"
Infrastructure
Identify Key Infrastructure:
Valuable to Adversary (CountryX)
"strategic infrastructure" CountryA valued by CountryX
Valuable to Country1
"key infrastructure assets" CountryA significance to Country1
Valuable to Friendly
"critical infrastructure" CountryA friendly uses
Identify key infrastructure projects in CountryA linked to CountryX:
Evaluate CountryX’s involvement in critical infrastructure sectors like energy, transportation, and telecommunications.
"CountryX involvement" in "energy, transportation, telecommunications" CountryA
Assess Country1 investments or involvement in CountryA infrastructure development:
Review Country1 support for infrastructure improvements that enhance economic stability and quality of life.
"Country1 infrastructure projects" CountryA "economic stability" impact analysis
Physical Terrain
Evaluate strategic location and geographical feature valuable to CountryX in CountryA:
Identify a key geographical chokepoint: Determine if CountryX has interest in strategic location such as a port, waterway, or mountain pass that could influence military or economic activity.
"strategic point" CountryX interest in CountryA "port" OR "waterway" OR "mountain pass"
Assess control over resource: Review if CountryX is involved in mining, agriculture, or energy sector that leverages CountryA’s natural resources.
"resource dominance" CountryX "mining" OR "agriculture" OR "energy" in CountryA
Analyze terrain feature that is critical to Country1 strategic interest:
Infrastructure vulnerability: Identify a critical infrastructure in a geographically vulnerable location that may require enhanced protection or could be a potential target.
"infrastructure vulnerability" CountryA "critical site" impact by Country1
Terrain advantage for defense and operation: Evaluate how Country1 could utilize CountryA’s terrain feature for defense or support of regional operation.
"terrain advantage" Country1 utilization in CountryA "defense" OR "operation"
Time/Weather/Holidays
Assess the impact of seasonal weather condition on operations for both CountryX and Country1:
Weather-related operational constraint: Determine how a seasonal weather pattern, such as the rainy or dry season, affects operational capability and logistic.
"weather impact" "operational constraint" CountryX OR Country1 "CountryA" "rainy season" OR "dry season"
Weather exploitation for strategic advantage: Analyze whether CountryX or Country1 could exploit a specific weather condition for military or strategic operation (e.g., moving troops during less observable weather condition).
"weather exploitation" "strategic operation" CountryX OR Country1 during "weather condition" in CountryA
Evaluate the influence of a national holiday and significant cultural event in CountryA:
Impact on public sentiment and national pride: Assess how CountryX and Country1 might leverage a significant national holiday to influence operation, such as promoting nationalism or cultural alignment.
"national holiday impact" CountryX OR Country1 "public sentiment" "cultural event" in CountryA
Timing of strategic action: To maximize impact or minimize disruption, consider timing a military, economic, or diplomatic action to coincide with or avoid a major cultural or national event.
"strategic timing" "military action" OR "economic policy" CountryX OR Country1 around "holiday" in CountryA